Friday, April 18, 2014

Colosseum!



The Colosseum or Coliseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio or Colosseo) is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. Built of concrete and stone, it was the largest amphitheatre of the Roman Empire, and is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering. It is the largest amphitheatre in the world.
The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum. Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in 70 AD, and was completed in 80 AD under his successor and heir Titus. Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian (81–96). These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty, and the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name (Flavius).
The Colosseum could hold, it is estimated, between 50,000 and 80,000 spectators, and was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry, and a Christian shrine.
Although in the 21st century it stays partially ruined because of damage caused by devastating earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome. It is one of Rome's most popular tourist attractions and has close connections with the Roman Catholic Church, as each Good Friday the Pope leads a torchlit "Way of the Cross" procession that starts in the area around the Colosseum.
The Colosseum, like all the Historic Centre of Rome, Properties of the Holy See in Italy and the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls, was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980. In 2007 the complex was also included among the New7Wonders of the World, following a competition organized by New Open World Corporation (NOWC).

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum

Rainbow!




A rainbow is an optical and meteorological phenomenon that is caused by both reflection and refraction of light in water droplets in Earth's atmosphere, resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicolored arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.
All rainbows are full circles; however, the average observer only sees approximately the upper half of the arc, the illuminated droplets above the horizon from the observer's line of sight.
Rainbows can be observed whenever there are water drops in the air and sunlight shining from behind at a low altitude angle. The most spectacular rainbow displays happen when half the sky is still dark with raining clouds and the observer is at a spot with clear sky in the direction of the sun. The result is a luminous rainbow that contrasts with the darkened background.
The light is first refracted entering the surface of the raindrop, reflected off the back of the drop, and again refracted as it leaves the drop. The overall effect is that the incoming light is reflected back over a wide range of angles, with the most intense light at an angle of 42°. The angle is independent of the size of the drop, but does depend on its refractive index. Seawater has a higher refractive index than rain water, so the radius of a "rainbow" in sea spray is smaller than a true rainbow. This is visible to the naked eye by a misalignment of these bows.
The amount by which light is refracted depends upon its wavelength, and hence its color. This effect is called dispersion. Blue light (shorter wavelength) is refracted at a greater angle than red light, but due to the reflection of light rays from the back of the droplet, the blue light emerges from the droplet at a smaller angle to the original incident white light ray than the red light. Due to this angle, blue is seen on the inside of the arc of the primary rainbow, and red on the outside.
The light at the back of the raindrop does not undergo total internal reflection, and some light does emerge from the back. However, light coming out the back of the raindrop does not create a rainbow between the observer and the Sun because spectra emitted from the back of the raindrop do not have a maximum of intensity, as the other visible rainbows do, and thus the colors blend together rather than forming a rainbow.

Winter holidays!



When the winter holidays came, I don’t go to many places I frequently go to my house and my school. I can’t go out to any places because I got some short semesters. My mother study post-graduate and at that time too, she need to get final exams for his first semester.
First, I’m settling the History lesson and Sociology & Anthropology lesson at one time. I can do it because the teacher is still the same. When I’m confirming the time, it was collided with Biology lesson. Fortunately it can be rearranged so there is no collide.
After the History lesson and Sociology & Anthropology lesson, I rushed to biology laboratory. I’m late but luckily the biology teacher understands. Then, the teacher teaches quickly and clearly. It just only one day and next day after, there will be an exam.
The next day, I’m late again. I hope I can make it on time. And there was another problem, I didn’t study last night. When I came to biology laboratory, there is no one inside. I thought that the exam was done when I’m late. I tried to message the biology teacher about the exam. The biology teacher said that the exam doesn’t start yet. Then, I message the biology teacher that I’m in front of the biology laboratory. A few minutes later, the biology teacher came. The biology teacher was in the school committee and didn’t realize that I’m coming. Then, we enter the biology laboratory and wait the other. After everything is ready, the exam was started. I’m done with an awesome score.
Next day, I’m trying to settle the last lesson. The last lesson is cross-interest English lesson. I’m searching the teacher but I can’t found it. For some reason, I go back to home. When I’m arrived at home, I’m turning on my computer. I thought that maybe I can found the teacher tomorrow. But after a few hours, there is someone said that for you who got the short semester on cross-interest English call the teacher quickly. Because I don’t get the teacher’s phone number, I’m going to school again. I finally found the teacher. The teacher said that the short semester will be held online and I need to wait until the teacher contact me. I’m going home again and I was very tired.
Although I’m just only one short semester left. My mother asked me to help her finishing hers exam. Maybe it seems just to make a report, but it was confusing because there must have some map on it. The map is not from the internet, but it must built by our own. With some data location from my mother’s office, it will be processed in a System Information Geographic program. I still don’t know what this program is for exactly but there’s a problem and I need to fix it no matter how.
Well, I solved the problem and did the cross-interest English’s short semester. Maybe I only take at least 3 days of holidays that time because of my laziness.